Found Poetry Read Examples and Write Your Own Literary Remix

Poetry is everywhere, and it hides in plain view. Everyday writing like catalogs and tax forms can contain the ingredients for a found poem.  Writers of found poetry pull words and phrases from various  sources, including news articles,  shopping lists, graffiti, historic documents, and even other works of literature.  The original language is reformatted to create the found poem. If youve ever played with a  magnetic poetry kit, then youre  familiar with found poetry. Words are borrowed, and yet the poem is unique.  A successful found  poem doesnt simply repeat information. Instead, the poet engages with the text and offers  a new context, a contrary view, a fresh insight, or lyrical and evocative writing. Just  as plastic  bottles can be recycled to make a chair, the source text is  transformed into something completely different. Traditionally, a found poem uses only words from the original source. However, poets have developed many  ways to work with found language. Rearranging word order, inserting line breaks and stanzas, and adding new language can be part of the process. Check out these six popular approaches to creating found poems.   1. Dada Poetry In 1920  when the Dada movement was building up steam, founding member  Tristan Tzara  proposed to write a poem using random words pulled from a sack. He copied each word exactly as it appeared. The poem that emerged was, of course, an incomprehensible jumble. Using Tzaras method, a found poem drawn from this paragraph might look like this: Movement up write using pulled steam a;Was when dada member founding the tristan in words;Poem to proposed a from 1920;Building sack random tzara Outraged critics said Tristan Tzara made a mockery of poetry. But this was his intention. Just as Dada painters and sculptors defied the established art world, Tzara took the air out of literary pretension.   Your Turn:  To make your own Dada poem, follow Tzaras instructions  or use an  online Dada Poem Generator. Have fun with the absurdity of random word arrangements. You may discover unexpected insights and delightful word combinations. Some poets say its as though  the universe conspires to make meaning.  But even if your Dada poem is nonsensical,  the exercise can spark creativity and inspire more traditional works.   2. Cut-up and Remix Poetry (Dà ©coupà ©) Like Dada poetry, cut-up and remix poetry (called  dà ©coupà © in French) can be randomly generated. However, writers of cut-up and remix poetry often opt to organize the found words into grammatical lines and stanzas. Unwanted words are discarded. Beat writer William S. Burroughs championed the cut-up approach during the late 1950s and early 60s.  He divided pages of a source text into quarters that  he rearranged and turned into poems. Or, alternatively, he folded pages to merge lines and create unexpected juxtapositions.  Ã‚   While his cut and fold poems  can seem perplexing, its clear that Burroughs made deliberate choices. Notice the eerie but consistent mood in this excerpt from Formed in the Stance, a poem that Burroughs made from a Saturday Evening Post article about cancer cures:  Ã‚   The girls eat morningDying peoples to a white bone monkeyin the Winter suntouching tree of the house. $$$$ Your Turn:  To write your own cut-up poems, follow Burroughs methods  or experiment with an online  cut-up generator. Any type of text is fair game. Borrow words from a car repair manual, a recipe, or a fashion magazine. You can even use another poem, creating a type of cut-up poem known as a a  vocabularyclept. Feel free to shape your found language into stanzas, add poetic devices like rhyme and meter, or develop a formal pattern such as a limerick or sonnet.   3. Blackout  Poems Similar to cut-up poetry, a blackout poem begins with an existing text, usually a newspaper. Using a heavy black marker, the writer blots out most of the page. The remaining words are not moved or rearranged. Fixed in place, they float in a sea of darkness. The contrast of black and white stirs thoughts of censorship and secrecy. Whats hiding behind the headlines of our daily paper? What does the highlighted text reveal about politics and world events? The idea of redacting words to create a new work goes back centuries, but the process became trendy when writer and artist Austin Kleon  posted newspaper blackout poems online and then published his book and companion blog, Newspaper  Blackout. Evocative and  dramatic, blackout poems retain the original typography and word placement. Some artists add graphic designs, while others let the stark words stand on their own.   Your Turn:  To create your own blackout poem, all you need is a newspaper and a black marker. View examples on Pinterest and watch Kleons video, How to Make a Newspaper Blackout Poem. 4. Erasure Poems An erasure poem is like a photo-negative of a blackout poem. The redacted text is not blackened but erased, clipped out, or obscured beneath white-out, pencil, gouache paint, colored marker, sticky notes, or stamps. Often the shading is translucent, leaving some words slightly visible. The diminished language becomes a poignant subtext to the remaining words. Erasure poetry is both a literary and a visual art. The poet engages in a dialog with a found text, adding  sketches, photographs, and handwritten notations.  American poet Mary Ruefle, who has created nearly 50 book-length erasures, argues that each is an original work and should not be classified as found poetry. I certainly didnt find any of these pages, Ruefle wrote in an essay about her process. I made them in my head, just as I do my other work.   Your Turn:  To explore the technique, try the online erasure tool from Ruefles publisher, Wave Books. Or take the art to another level: Forage used bookstores for a vintage novel with interesting illustrations and typography. Give yourself permission to write and draw on time-worn pages. For inspiration, view examples on Pinterest. 5. Centos In Latin, cento means patchwork, and a cento poem  is, indeed, a patchwork of salvaged language.  The form dates back to antiquity when Greek and Roman poets recycled  lines from revered writers like Homer and Virgil.  By juxtaposing lyrical language and presenting new contexts, a cento poet honors  literary giants from the past. After editing a new edition of The Oxford Book of American Poetry, David Lehman  wrote a 49-line Oxford Cento composed entirely of lines from the anthologized writers.  Twentieth century poet  John Ashbery borrowed from more than 40 works for his cento, To a Waterfowl.  Heres an excerpt: Go, lovely rose,This is no country for old men. The youngMidwinter spring is its own seasonAnd a few lilies blow. They that have power to hurt, and will do none.Looking as if she were alive, I call.The vapours weep their burthen to the ground. Ashberys poem follows a logical sequence. Theres a consistent tone and a coherent meaning. Yet the phrases in this short section are from seven different poems:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Sailing to Byzantium† by William Butler Yeats  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Four Quartets 4: Little Gidding† by T.S. Eliot  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Heaven-Haven by  Gerard Manley Hopkins  Sonnet 94 by William Shakespeare  Ã¢â‚¬Å"My Last Duchess† by Robert BrowningTithonus by Alfred, Lord Tennyson Your Turn:  The cento is a challenging form, so start with no more than four or five favorite poems. Seek out phrases that suggest a common mood or theme. Print several lines on strips of paper that you can rearrange. Experiment with line breaks and explore ways to juxtapose the found language. Do the lines seem to flow together naturally? Have you discovered original insights? Youve created a cento!   6. Acrostic  Poems and Golden Shovels In a variation of cento poetry, the writer draws from famous poems but adds new language and new ideas.  The borrowed words become a modified acrostic, forming a message within the new poem. Acrostic poetry suggests  many possibilities. The most famous version is the  Golden Shovel form  popularized by American writer  Terrance Hayes. Hayes won acclaim for his complex and ingenious poem titled  The Golden Shovel.  Ã‚  Each line of Hayes poem ends with language from The Pool Players.  Seven at the Golden Shovel by Gwendolyn Brooks. For example, Brooks wrote:   We real cool. WeLeft school. Hayes wrote: When I am so small Da’s sock covers my arm, wecruise at twilight until we find the place the realmen lean, bloodshot and translucent with cool.His smile is a gold-plated incantation as wedrift by women on bar stools, with nothing leftin them but approachlessness. This is a school Brookss words (shown here in bold type) are revealed by reading Hayess poem vertically.   Your Turn: To write your own Golden Shovel, choose a few lines from a poem you admire. Using your own language, write a new poem that shares your perspective or introduces a new topic. End each line of your poem with a word from the source poem. Do not change the order of the borrowed words. Found Poetry and Plagiarism Is found poetry cheating?  Isnt it plagiarism to use words that arent your own?   All writing is, as William S. Burroughs argued, a collage of words read and heard and overhead. No writer begins with a blank page. That said, writers of found poetry risk plagiarism if they merely copy, summarize, or paraphrase their sources. Successful found poems offer unique word arrangements and new meanings. The borrowed words may be unrecognizable in the context of the found poem. Even so, its important for writers of found poetry to credit their sources. Acknowledgments are usually given in the title, as  part of an epigraph, or in a notation at the end of the poem.   Sources and Further Reading Poetry Collections Dillard, Annie.  Mornings like this: found poems. HarperCollins, 2003.Kleon, Austin. Newspaper Blackout. HarperCollins Publishers, 2014.McKim, George. Found Lost: Found Poetry and Visual Poetry. Silver Birch Press, 2015.Porter, Bern, and Joel A. Lipman et. al. Found Poems. Nightboat Books,  2011.Ruefle, Mary. A Little White Shadow. Wave Books, 2006. Resources for Teachers and Writers William Burroughs, William. The Cut Up Method.  The Moderns: An Anthology of New Writing in America.  Leroi Jones, ed., Corinth Books, 1963. Dunning, Stephen, and William Stafford. Found and Headline Poems.  Getting the Knack: 20 Poetry Writing Exercises.  National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE), 1992.  secure.ncte.org/library/NCTEFiles/Resources/Books/Sample/18488chap1.pdf.King, David Andrew. The Weight of Whats Left [Out}: Six contemporary Erasurists on Their Craft. Kenyon Review, Nov. 6, 2012. https://www.kenyonreview.org/2012/11/erasure-collaborative-interview/.â€Å"Found Poetry.†Ã‚  Teachers Guide Primary Source Set, Library of Congress, www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/primarysourcesets/poetry/pdf/teacher_guide.pdf.â€Å"Poetry Prompts.†Ã‚  Found Poetry Review. The journal is no longer publishing, but prompts, poems, and resources are  archived on the website.  Ã‚  www.foundpoetryreview.com/category/poetry-prompts/.  Rhodes, Shade. à ¢â‚¬Å"Reuse and Recycle: Finding Poetry in Canada.†Ã‚  ArcPoetryMagazine, arcpoetry.ca/2013/05/01/reuse-and-recycle-finding-poetry-in-canada-the-full-essay-from-arc-70-2/Rueffle, Mary. On Erasure. Quarter After Eight, Vol. 16. http://www.quarteraftereight.org/toc.html .

Should Medical Therapy Be Diagnosed With Post Traumatic...

The applicant requests an upgrade of the characterization of his discharge from general, under honorable conditions to honorable. The applicant states, in effect, his requests for an upgrade is based on a general discharge that was given for a positive urinalysis. The applicant contends, he was diagnosed with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). He was receiving treatment for his in the line of duty PTSD disability. The applicant further contends, he struggled during reintegration, having difficulty operating a vehicle safely, and was cautious and nervous of aggressive drivers. The applicant states, that medical therapy began to determine the best treatment for him; however, he took it upon himself to self-medicate with marijuana. The applicant contends, fellow Soldiers took the opportunity to run from the test, he chose to face it assuming he would receive help for issues. The applicant contends, he had a pristine military record, is seeking to better himself for his family , and is now dealing with the ramifications of his discharge. In a records review conducted at Arlington, VA on _ February 2016, and by a __-__ vote, the Board denied the request upon finding the separation was both proper and equitable. (Board member names available upon request.) 3. DISCHARGE DETAILS: a. Reason/Authority/Codes/Characterization: Misconduct (Drug Abuse) / AR 135-178, Paragraph 12-1(d) / NIF / RE-3 / General, Under Honorable b. Date of Discharge: 9 May 2011 c.Show MoreRelatedPost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1519 Words   |  7 PagesPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder It is common for individuals who have gone through a traumatic experience to feel many types of emotions, to include distress, fear, helplessness, guilt, shame or anger. The individual may begin to feel better after just a few days or weeks, but sometimes these feelings don’t go away. 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As I read this piece ofRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1423 Words   |  6 Pages Mental diseases and disorders have been around since humans have been inhabiting earth. The field of science tasked with diagnosing and treating these disorders is something that is always evolving. One of the most prevalent disorders in our society but has only recently been acknowledged is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Proper and professional diagnosis and definitions of PTSD was first introduced by the American Psychiatric Association(APA) in the third edition of the Diagnostic andRead MoreThe Government Doesn t Care About Wounded Veterans1611 Words   |  7 Pagesdoing about this tragedy. In light of recent conflicts the United States has been engaging in, such as the conflicts in the Middle East, a new silent killer of returning veterans, has become more visible to the public. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. 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Another problem with evidencedRead MoreEssay On Assessing Clients With Addictive Disorders805 Words   |  4 Pages Assessing Clients with Addictive Disorders Paper Individuals that suffer from mental illnesses often utilize alcohol to self-medicate. The key is educating the client on the consequences of alcohol use and that it should not be used to self-medicate. By identifying the client’s disorder and rapidly treating the condition, the client’s ability to function in society will be enhanced. In this this assignment, five video episodes will be evaluated and therapeutic approaches will be identify. InRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1370 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to PTSD United, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder used to be considered a psychological condition of combat veterans who were â€Å"shocked† by and unable to face their experiences from battle. Soldiers with symptoms of PTSD often faced rejection by their military peers and were feared by society in general. Those who showed signs of PTSD were often removed from combat zones and even discharged from military services, being left labeled as weak (â€Å"Post Traumatic Stress†). These implications haveRead MoreNeeds of a Veteran with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder1137 Words   |  5 PagesNeeds of a Veteran with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Should veterans be able to live on their own with post-traumatic stress disorder? Going from living a great life with nothing wrong to being diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder, also known as PTSD, is a life changing event for anyone, but should veterans be treated differently from everyone else? Life of Ted Olsen was normal before he was knocked unconscious by a â€Å"massive garage door that jumped a track on base and crashed down on

The Clifton Suspension Bridge Free Essays

Function The Clifton Suspension Bridge was designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel and completed in 1864. The span spans 214m across the Avon Valley Gorge from Clifton to Leigh forests as shown in figure 3. The towers are 26. We will write a custom essay sample on The Clifton Suspension Bridge or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2m high and the span concatenation has a breadth of 6.1m Centres to center. There are two vehicle lanes and two prosaic waies. The prosaic paseo is to boot used as a sing topographic point along the Avon gorge. There are about 10,000 autos traversing per twenty-four hours with a gross vehicle weight bound of four dozenss. The toll for the span is presently 50p ( 27/11/09 ) . Bing an historic span, the construction requires changeless services which the tolls fund. The velocity bound on the span is presently 15mph and the weight bound is controlled utilizing a modern weight beam ( Mitchell-Baker, D. Et al 1988 ) . The span was designed to originally take the weight of Equus caballuss and passenger cars. The site location was chosen because of its short and flat span. Structure The span takes the signifier of a convention suspension span. This signifier was ambitious at the clip of design and if it was completed on agenda it would hold been the longest suspension span in the universe. The suspension span was a suited pick for two chief grounds. The first ground is that the tallness between the deck and the river below is 75m and to build a tower would be expensive. It besides would hold been expensive to build any signifier work. A suspension span can be constructed without the assistance of signifier work and Brunel ‘s design did non necessitate a tower compared with Telford proposal which included two Gothics styled towers ( Moore, Fuller. 1999 ) . The 2nd ground is that the strength of the environing topography allowed the being of ground tackles. In state of affairss where a suspension span would be suited, the status of the land is unsuitable for bearing the force per unit area from the overseas telegrams. One of the disadvantage of utilizing a s uspension span on the site is that it can merely be a individual span. The ground tackles have to take the entire tenseness of the concatenation compared with a three span span where the deck on the side span acts as a counter weight, alleviating tenseness in the ground tackle. The construction is formed chiefly of a long concatenation, similar to a motorcycle concatenation, two towers and the span deck. As it is shown in figure 5 the concatenation is formed of three sub-layers on each side, each bed dwelling of an jumping 10 and 11 level wrought Fe bars. By increasing the figure of concatenation beds the overall opportunity of prostration lessenings. The level wrought Fe bars were designed to be every bit long as operable. The long bars decrease the entire weight of the ironss by cut downing the sum of heavy articulations. . By increasing the sum of ironss, the construction becomes less reliant on each person concatenation ; hence failure of a concatenation should non take to prostration. The dip to cross ration of the ironss contribute to the efficiency of the construction. High span to depth ratios cause high tenseness in the concatenation, this is because of the way of the concatenation reacts about perpendicular to the weight, making an inefficient construction. Low span to depth ratios do a more efficient concatenation but the tallness of the towers have to increase hence increasing the cost. The most effectual span to depth ratio is about 1:10 which is what was adopted by Brunel for the span. This is an betterment to the 1:13.5 ratio which Telford antecedently adopted on the Menai span. The chief catenary ironss are non attached straight to the deck at mid span ; this is done to let the chief deck to hover freely in the air current without seting strain on the ironss ( Pugsley, Sir A. 1976 ) , ( Porter G. 1974 ) . Hanging at 8ft intervals are the shaped Fe rods, which transfer the burden onto the concatenation. The array of rods is designed to oppose prostration if a individual rod should neglect. The rods are attached slackly between the concatenation and longitudinal girder, see figure 5 ; this allows motion which decreases the opportunity of failure from span motion. This so imposes a perpendicular downward force onto the towers and tenseness along the concatenation and in the ground tackles. The longitudinal girder as shown in figure 5, is a uninterrupted stiffened I beam. The girder is 3ft deep and connects the cross girder to the rods. The original design proposed by Brunel used a timber lattice girder with a matching stiffness, but by the clip of the Bridgess building the lumber lattice was replaced by an Fe plated girder. The girder takes the emphasis applied to a individual articulation on the concatenation and traverses it along the longitudinal length of the concatenation. As illustrated in figure 4, a truss construction is adopted for the cross girders. The truss construction is a really strong and efficient construction along the length. The shallow deepness allows thin strips to organize the trusses without clasping. The place of the cross girder is shown in figure 5. The cross girders are braced horizontally utilizing thin Fe strips to respond against air current burden. The quadrangle form deforms under burden by rotary motion at the articulations. The brace forms a triangular molded construction ; distortion in the triangular molded construction occurs by flexing of each member, therefore increasing the elements stiffness. Live tonss are transferred onto the lumber beams which span between each cross girder ; using a perpendicular burden and doing a bending minute in the girder. The lumber decking was chosen because it was light and suitably strong ; it besides allows easy accessible fixs. A shaped Fe adorning frame was added by Barlow and Hawkshaw to increase rigidness. The saddles are situated on top of the towers. The saddles allow sidelong motion of the ironss. Lateral motion occurs due to temperature alterations or unsymmetrical burden. The saddles besides allow the perpendicular emphasis to be reduced in the rock tower by increasing the contact country, understating the hazard of oppressing the rock. The ground tackles are 17m below the land and the ironss are spread into a chamber to make a stable foundation. The spreading of the concatenation allows the tenseness to be opposed by the compaction of the drop, non entirely trusting on the clash. The advantage of this is that the strength of the ground tackles increases ; it besides takes advantage of the strong limestone foundation. ( Pugsley, A. 1976. ) Strength The constructions weight bound for vehicles is presently four dozenss. This weight bound was introduced about 50 old ages ago when applied scientists decided that the big tonss and weariness could take to fall in. The sum of vehicles on the span at one clip is controlled by the toll booths. This is done to cut down the entire burden on the span at any minute. Brunel designed the span to defy an adventitious burden of 100lbf/sq.ft which is about equal to 4.7 KPa of force per unit area ( Porter G, R.F.D. 1974 ) . . This is simular to the unrecorded burden which is adopted on modern Bridgess with similar spans ( Bangash, M, Y, H. 1999 ) Construction After planing the span, the foundations and abutments were the first elements to be constructed. Then the towers were the following thing to be constructed. The ironss were pulled across by rope and so the deck was attached to the concatenation. Care Between 1864 and 1953 the lumber decking had been replaced three times and the ironwork had been treated twice and at the terminal of this period was still in good status. Two suspender rods had failed in a terrible storm in 1877 and three more had failed in 1887. Both occasions the exact cause of the failure is still non convincingly known. In 1861 a 6 metric ton vehicle weight bound was appointed to the span. The size and weight of vehicles was continuously increasing and applied scientists were concerned with the Bridgess construction. It was based on the theory that repeated lading on metal causes its hempen construction to go crystallite. In 1918 one every 10 bolts from the rods were removed for proving, and they were all found to be of equal strength though some cleft appeared ; these clefts were likely to happen from hammering. The drainage of the span had caused serious corrosion to anchor degree ironss. In 1925 an excess nexus was added to the ironss but there were still concerns for the ground tackles status. To get the better of this concern concrete was poured to a deepness of above 9ft above the ground tackle. In 1953 the duty of the span was passed to the trusses and the national heritage. The point burden of wheels was known to be more detrimental to the deck than to the construction as a whole, doing the deck to be once more in a terrible status. The weight bound was so changed from 6 ton bound to 2.5 ton axle weight and 4 ton vehicle weight. ( Mitchell-Baker, D. . Cullimore, M. S. G. 1988 ) In 2009 a prosaic noticed a serious cleft in one of the suspension rods and the closing of the span followed. Impermanent supports were put in topographic point while the rod was replaced. A twelvemonth earlier work to better the sealing, drainage and new route surface was completed. This would diminish the sum of corrosion of the Fe work. ( BBC News. 2009 ) Aestheticss The span is really aesthetically delighting, it has few single elements, and each component is similar in map. The girders are really thin and it has a uninterrupted span which besides makes it more appealing to people, most people would hold the span is beautiful. The form of the construction besides reflects the force applied to it, being dilutant in the center and thicker as it gets towards the borders where the greater minutes would happen. The span besides has a bold and dramatic lineation when viewed from along the vale ( Gottermoeller, F. 1998 ) . The towers are curved so that they appear tall from below, organizing a bold construction. The towers are besides in good proportions compared with the immediate surrounding and harmonious in three dimensions. The span is constructed utilizing locally sourced stuffs, incorporating the construction into the environment. ( Chen, W et Al. 1999 ) . The span is 3ft higher on the Clifton side. This is done to halt the semblance that the sp an deck is falling towards the drop. How to cite The Clifton Suspension Bridge, Essay examples

European balance free essay sample

Analyze attitudes toward and evaluate the motivations behind the European acquisition of African colonies in the period 1880 to 1914. During the late 1800’s, Europe had a steady decline rate of available work, so Europe, as a whole, was looking for a way to improve overall. Many European countries look towards Africa to create new colonies for Europeans to better their own country. European’s attitudes towards Africa was Europeans were a superior race in comparison to Africans. Motivation was acquired from the help of strong nationalism to then acquire new land to build upon their country to improve its economy and create new available work. European nations all had different reasons to control parts of Africa. Chancellor Otto von Bismark said to his Countryman exploring in africa, â€Å"Your map of Africa is very nice, but my map of Africa is in Europe. Here is Russia and here is France, and we are in the middle. We will write a custom essay sample on European balance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page That is my map of Africa. † (Doc 3). He argues that he is focusing on Europe and he is only willing to establish colonies because France and Russia are doing it as well. Eugene-Melchior de Vogue, French diplomat, describes how the European balance of power is now becoming a world balance of power (Doc 10) in the book, The Master of the Sea. Nations would have to develope more colonies in Africa in order to stay visible to other bigger and powerful nations. Another way to show awareness and capability was to colonize Africa, Archibald Philip Primrose stated. (Doc 8). This statement makes it clear that Primrose was pro imperialism due to the political pluses that it provides. The belief of European nations have the right and is automatically entitled to go to Africa and occupy their land was stated by Martial Henri Merlin. (Doc 11). He believed that imperialism is the correct and the most important thing to participate in. This point of view is justifiable through the fact that is is indeed the Governor of Africa. Europe was always competitive especially when it came to the output of resources. A French diplomat who goes by the name Eugene Melchoir said that in order to stay competitive, you must go to far lengths. The colonization of Africa is changing europe from a balance of power to a world balance of power. Joseph Chamberlain a British industrialist, says directly in one of his speeches that economic improvement of countries is available through the process of colonization. If nations were to engage in colonization, there would be less unemployment, more trade, and an overall better economic environment. In conclusion, the motivations have a wide range and all correlate to one another. To maintain power, change and fix social and political issues, and stay competative were all prominent motivations.